Instrument Catalog
- The structural information in the report is derived primarily from diffraction data and constitutes a significant part of the writing.
- The structure determination is non-routine, such as involving variable temperature studies, phase changes, or specialized collection environments.
- The final structure required a substantial amount of time and technical expertise. For instance:
- Problematic twinning or significant disorder in structure refinement.
- Careful consideration of anomalous dispersion (e.g., absolute stereochemistry).
- Determination of the model by MicroED.
Center Use Policy
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Staff mounted samples will be mounted at the convenience of their schedule.
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Samples can be submitted on the table outside KCL 3
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To independently use the single crystal diffractometers, you must meet one of the following subpoints:
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Completed an instrument orientation workshop held in the CBIC (~4 hour time commitment)
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Completed CHEM 511 and 512
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Completed an equivalent course/training at a different institution with a recommendation from the instructor/instrument manager.
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Independent access enables X-ray facility use for your own research.
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Independent use does not enable facility use for you to collect data on behalf of other researchers at Yale.
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Exceptions are granted on a case-by-case basis.
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Dynamic light scattering measures the diffusion rate of molecules or particles in solution by observing the fluctuations in scattered light from a laser passing through a sample. The sensitivity of DLS increases with increasing molecular size, with a typical lower size limit of 0.5 nanometers and upper size limit of 10 micrometers.
Typical applications for DLS include:
- Screening macromolecules prior to crystallization trials
- Measuring the stability of protein samples for NMR analysis
- Monitoring molecular aggregation
- Characterizing nanoparticles
The DynaPro PlateReader II is set up to make these measurements in 96, 384, or 1536 well plates using as little as 5 microliters of sample.
The Pilatus3R 200KA detector on our Rigaku 007 HF+ rotating anode with VHF Arc)Sec optics is suitable for solving small molecules samples. This instrument is run by the CBIC Staff. λ = 0.7107 Å
The Saturn 944+ CCD detector on our Rigaku 007 HF+ rotating anode X-ray source with HF optics is suitable for solving small-molecule and protein structures by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This instrument can also be used to screen crystals before sending them to an x-ray beam line at a synchrotron. λ = 1.5418 Å
The Rigaku Saturn 944HG CCD detector on our Rigaku 007 HF+ rotating anode X-ray source with HF Arc)Sec optics is suitable for solving small molecules samples. This instrument is run by the CBIC Staff. λ = 1.5418 Å
This powder diffractometer can characterize crystallinity, crystal phases, and, in many cases, the identity of solid samples. Our instrument has a sealed-tube copper X-ray source, a scintillation counter with high dynamic range, and Bragg-Brentano geometry with slits providing high resolution for flat powder samples. λ = 1.5418 Å
The XtaLabMini II is a fully functional benchtop single-crystal X-ray diffractometer with a CCD detector. λ = 0.7107 Å
Copper and silver X-ray sources are available. The curved image plate detector allows high dynamic range and collection out to a 2Θ angle of 144 degrees in a single image to yield high-resolution single-crystal data.
TTP Labtech’s mosquito allows for the creation of protein crystallization screens with several multi-component drops per well, even in 96-well hanging drop set-ups.
The Xeuss 3.0 offers a maximum flexibility of measurement configurations to get the best possible data quality on any type of sample.
In particular, the following key features enable the user to optimize experiments or results:
- High flux settings adapted for fast kinetics embedded in a low background camera
- Largest surface of detection moveable all the way from WAXS to long distance SAXS to optimize resolution and signal-to-noise
- Long distance SAXS settings for measuring large characteristic dimensions (up to 900 nm depending on the Xeuss 3.0 model)
- Optional USAXS module to characterize large structures ( > 2.5 µm)
Micro-CT is a 3D imaging technique utilizing X-rays to see inside an object, slice by slice. Micro-CT, also called microtomography or micro computed tomography, is similar to hospital CT or “CAT” scan imaging but on a small scale with greatly increased resolution. Samples can be imaged with pixel sizes as small as ~4 micron and objects can be scanned up to ~50 cm in diameter.
The versatile XT H 225 scanner can be used to cover a wide range of applications, including the inspection of plastic parts, electronics and complex mechanisms as well as researching materials and natural specimens.
The scanner can be fit with a rotating anode, reflection, or transmission target. The rotating anode produces the most X-rays, which is good for highly absorbing material, but has the lowest resolution. The transmission target has the best resolution, but produces the least amount of X-rays. The reflection target is typically installed and has a balance between X-ray intensity and resolution. If your needs require the rotating or transmission target, please inquire in advance about scheduling.
- Small organic molecules (e.g., pharmaceuticals, natural products)
- Inorganic nanomaterials
- Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolites
- Peptides and small proteins
- Polymers and hybrid materials
- Polymorph Studies: Determines different crystal forms of a compound, crucial for drug formulation and stability.
- Phase Transitions: Investigates temperature- or pressure-induced structural changes.
- Grain Boundary Analysis: Characterizes defects, interfaces, and grain orientations in polycrystalline materials.
- Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Phase Identification: Helps differentiate between ordered and disordered structures.
- Sample Mixtures: Can resolve and identify multiple crystalline phases within complex mixtures.
- Solid-State Chemistry: Provides insight into phase purity and composition.